Abstract:
Aim. To determine the effects on the body of high-fat diets (HFD) with different fatty
acid composition.
Methods. Used ordinary sunflower, olive, palm and butter, which were introduced into the
feed in an amount of 15 %. Rats were fed for 41 days. Gum, liver, small intestinal mucosa were
isolated and blood serum was obtained, which determined the activity of elastase, ALT and
alkaline phosphatase, as well as the content of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. The activity
of elastase, catalase, urease, lysozyme, and MDA content were determined in tissue
homogenates. The API index and the degree of dysbiosis were calculated. Results. In rats treated with HFD, elastase, urease, MDA content increased, but lysozyme
and catalase activity decreased in all tissues, the API index also decreased, and the degree of
dysbiosis increased significantly. Serum triglycerides and cholesterol increased. Stronger
pathological changes occurred in rats treated with palm or butter, and the lowest in rats treated
with olive oil.
Conclusion. HFD causes the development of dysbiosis, decreased levels of antioxidant
protection and the development of inflammation, more pronounced with the consumption of fats
high in palmitic acid.
