Короткий опис (реферат):
Arnold-Chiari syndrome is a pathology manifested by displacement of
the cerebellum and cerebrum through the foramen of the spinal canal,
inherited from the inconsistency of the dimensions of the posterior
cranial fossa and placement brain structures.
Purpose – to evaluate the results of a comprehensive approach to the
differential diagnosis of Arnold-Chiari malformation in ophthalmology
using two patients as an example.
Materials and methods
2 patients (4 eyes) were examined for Arnold-Chiari malformation by
generally accepted methods, and optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Results
There is no pathognomonic symptom or group of symptoms that allow for
the clinical diagnosis of Arnold Chiari syndrome, and only neuroimaging
diagnostics are possible. Whenever there is inflammation, congestive
disc, or optic nerve atrophy, the first action of the ophthalmologist is to
refer the patient for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed
tomography (CT) imaging. Identification of relevant ophthalmological
disorders at an early stage allows for timely suspicion and detection of
this anomaly. Neuroimaging diagnostics justifies the doctor's alertness
to this pathology.
Conclusion
Current diagnostic and treatment advances bring together specialists
from various fields – ophthalmologists, radiologists, and neurologists
– and present new challenges for physicians. The presented series of
clinical cases demonstrated possible manifestations of Arnold-Chiari
syndrome, including strabismus and congestion in the optic nerve,
which was confirmed by MRI.
