Морфологічні особливості печінки та нирок статевозрілих та статевонезрілих щурів після модельованої черепно-мозкової травми

Abstract

Досліджено морфологічні зміни печінки та нирок статевозрілих і статевонезрілих щурів на 3-ю добу після черепно-мозкової травми легкого ступеня тяжкості. Виявлено, що у всіх досліджуваних органах статевонезрілих щурів були присутні специфічні морфологічні зміни по типу порушень мікроциркуляції, а саме ішемія, макрофагальна та лімфогістіоцитарна інфільтрація з дилатацією судин. У статевозрілих щурів ці зміни носять переважно дистрофічний та некротичний характер і мали більш виразний ступінь прояву.

Craniocerebral injury (CCI) is one of the most important medical social problem for modern medicine, given the considerable prevalence and high level of temporary disability of young and middle-aged people, which results in the severity of medical, social and economic consequences for each country. According to the WHO, the incidence of CCI increases annually by an average of 2%, amounting to 70% in the overall structure of injuries. As a rule, victims are young and of working categories, while most of them remain disabled. In children, the craniocerebral Injury occupies the first place among all injuries, and its prevalence is from 1.2 to 11.2%. It is also known that among all injuries of childhood CCI is 37.6% of cases. It has been shown that in acute period after CCI, there occurs organ failure, as well as individual morphological and histological changes in the myocardium and lungs. Despite the fact that pathological abnormalities and changes in the internal organs of experimental animals during CCI have been studied for a long time, the peculiarities of the dynamics of multi-organ insufficiency in CCI are still poorly understood, depending on the age of the experimental animals. The purpose of the work was to study the morphological features of the liver and kidneys of mature and immature rats after CCI during acute reaction to injury (in the 3rd day). The study was carried out on 20 mature (3-month, body weight 180-230 g) and 20 immature (20-day, body weight 20-25 g) albino laboratory rats. Intact groups of comparison of an appropriate age were selected for both groups. Mechanical mild CCI was simulated for rats of both groups by means of the skill to reconstruct diffuse brain injury; the load of 5 g was chosen for mature rats by the common method, and for immature rats - the load of 2 g. Microtomic cuts 5 mcm thick were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The organs were examined microscopically by means of the light microscope «Leica-DMLS» and standard morphometric methods. Thus, the results of the study show that in all investigated organs (liver and kidneys) after acute phase-III cranial injury (in the 3rd day), in the immature rats there are specific morphological changes in the type of microcirculatory disturbances, in precise ischemia, macrophage and lymphohistiocytic infiltration and vessel dilatation. In mature rats, morphological changes were expressed more to a degree than those that were immature. These changes are mostly dystrophic and necrotic.

Исследовано морфологические изменения печени и почек половозрелых и неполовозрелых крыс на 3-и сутки после черепно-мозговой травмы легкой степени тяжести. Выявлено, что во всех исследуемых органах неполовозрелых крыс проявлялись четкие морфологические изменения по типу нарушения микроциркуляции, а именно ишемия, макрофагальная и лимфогистиоцитарная инфильтрация с дилатацией сосудов. У половозрелых крыс с большей степенью выразительности, морфологические изменения носят дистрофический и некротический характер.