Короткий опис (реферат):
The work is devoted to the current issue of a systemic nature. A positive attitude toward the need for the classification of sciences is justified. The arguments are the facts of the creative influence of the classification of sciences on: 1. Optimization of knowledge structuring. 2. A clearer identification of the specialization of sciences is needed. 3. Classification helps to see differences and connections between sciences. 4. Form the methodology of knowledge. 5. Forms the educational process. 6. Carries out synergism of scientific communications. 7. Potes the economic and managerial feasibility of structuring sciences. The work considers the task of substantiating a new modern methodology and reflecting the dynamics of the emergence of new scientific areas. Both structural-functional and hierarchical approaches are used. The subject of the study (subject) is the patterns of the emergence of new scientific areas in the modern world. The object of research is the possibility of logical and graphic interpretation of the formation of new scientific areas and their relationships. Models of a historical approach and classification of sciences in terms of fundamentalism and object of research are proposed. The trends of the 21st century, which should be taken into account by classifiers of science, are represented 1. Convergence of NBIC technologies: nano (material science), BIO (general engineering), info (quantum calculations). Cogno (neuro interfaces). 2. Revolutionary changes to the methodologists are presented: the fourth paradigm (given-oriented science): CERN: 30 petabytes/data year with a tank; Alphafold: prediction of 200 million protein structures. 3. The emergence of new disciplines: Cliodinomics: mathematical modelling of historical processes. Astrobiology: Search for life outside the Earth + synthetic biology. The forecast has been made that further studies should show that the real, relevant hierarchy of sciences should discard the image of the hierarchical staircase and take the form of a neural network with cross-bonds, where breakthroughs arise at the joints of the disciplines. With this approach, mathematics remains the “queen of sciences," but its power is now shared with science and complexity theory. A dynamic interference model is proposed to predict the development of new directions.
