Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Obesity Clinical and Laboratory Specialties: A Challenge to Fertility Preservation in Women of Reproductive Age

Abstract

Approximately 10-18% of women of reproductive age suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Women with PCOS have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), with an incidence of up to 33%. Obesity is associated with long-term consequences such as cardiovascular disease, difficulty in conceiving and carrying a pregnancy, psychological problems, etc. Hirode et al. (2020) found that in the United States, the prevalence of obesity increases significantly with age, from 19.5% among people aged 20 to 39 years to 48.6% among people aged 60 years and older. It was also found that MS increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus 5-fold and that PCOS is a significant unmodifiable risk factor for these patients.