Workbook for independent work of students: The academic elective discipline "Clinical Pharmacology" Specialty 222 "Medicine"

Abstract

The introduction into clinical practice of a large number of drugs, the need to determine their effectiveness and safety of use, necessitates a unified approach to the system of studying their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, interaction and side effects in patients. This was the reason for the introduction of a new medical discipline - clinical pharmacology, in the program for training doctors in the late 60s and 70s of the XX century. Clinical pharmacology is a science that deals with the study of drugs as applied to a specific sick person (WHO). She teaches the doctor to choose for the patient from all existing the most effective and most dangerous drug for individualized therapy and prevention, taking into account its concomitant diseases. In-depth knowledge of clinical pharmacology will help to determine the correct regimen for the use of drugs, its dosage form and route of administration, to prevent and eliminate adverse reactions and undesirable drug interactions. The list of drugs used in internal medicine is constantly growing. In his practice, the doctor must take into account the presence of concomitant somatic diseases in the patient, as well as the fact that the patient may already receive appropriate medication. All this requires knowledge of medicines, their optimal selection and rational use. The aim of teaching the discipline "Clinical Pharmacology" is to train specialists with sufficient theoretical knowledge and practical skills to conduct the most rational drug therapy in a particular patient. Discipline will help to master the methodology of choosing the most effective and safe medicines, as well as their combinations, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient’s body, the course and form of the disease, the presence of concomitant pathology, based on evidence-based medicine. The teacher at the beginning of the clinical pharmacology training cycle provides students with a workbook scheme, during the training process checks the status of tasks (printed or presented on electronic media, sent by e-mail, etc.), assesses the mastery of the discipline by test and other written control as well as the ability to solve typical problem situations. Evaluation for the results of tasks in a workbook is included in the assessment of current and final control. Possession (knowledge and skills of use in solving practical problems) of the material of the workbook guarantees the student a positive assessment of the discipline.