Видання іноземною мовою. Кафедра сімейної медицини, загальної практики та поліклінічної терапії

Impact of lifestyle modification interventions on metabolic syndrome and obesity in adults

2026-04-01T07:37:32Z

Impact of lifestyle modification interventions on metabolic syndrome and obesity in adults Kucher, S. V.; Mudra, U. O.; Tkachuk, V. V.; Ruda, M. M.; Chernets, T. Yu.; Nikitina, I. M.; Dzhyvak, V. H. Aim: The aim of this review article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of lifestyle interventions – dietary modifications, physical activity, and behavioral strategies – on the management of metabolic syndrome and obesity in adults. Materials and Methods: This review is based on an analysis of recent studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses that investigate the relationship between lifestyle modifications and improvements in MetS and obesity. Sources include peer-reviewed research articles, clinical trials, and public health data on dietary interventions, physical activity, and behavioral strategies. The effectiveness of interventions was assessed through key metabolic parameters such as weight loss, waist circumference reduction, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and cardiovascular health markers. Conclusions: Lifestyle interventions play a crucial role in managing MetS and obesity by addressing the underlying metabolic dysfunctions and reducing the risk of related diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, long-term adherence remains a significant challenge. Emerging approaches, such as technology-assisted self-monitoring and group-based programs, offer promising strategies to enhance engagement and effectiveness. Future efforts should focus on scalable, inclusive, and sustainable interventions to reduce the global burden of MetS and obesity.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and cardiоvascular diseases: interrelation and mutual influence (literature review)

2026-04-15T11:18:21Z

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and cardiоvascular diseases: interrelation and mutual influence (literature review) Kolotvina, L. I.; Kornovan, G. V.; Synenko, V. I.; Kolotvin, A. O.; Колотвіна, Л. І.; Корнован, Г. В.; Синенко, В. І.; Колотвін, А. О. The work is dedicated to the problem of comorbidity with cardiovascular disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective. Analyze the information in current literary and electronic resources regarding the clinical features of the current history of heart failure and illness of the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods. An analysis of scientific information was carried out from the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, Global Health, ResearchGate, as well as WHO, Ministry of Health of Ukraine and other Internet resources. Results. The work presents a review of the current scientific literature on the problem of interconnection and interrelation of the cardiovascular system and illness of the cardiovascular system. Some of the manifestations associated with reflux disease include transient disturbances in heart rhythm and conduction, usually supraventricular extrasystole and atrial fibrillation. Experts note that gastroesophageal reflux is a major trigger for arrhythmia. The problem of the connection between gastroesophageal reflux disease and ischemic heart disease is even relevant, which will require, in case of pain syndrome in the chest, to carry out detailed treatment of the patient to identify the pain, both on the side of the heart and on the side to the walker. It is also necessary to ensure the presence of causal links in the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and arterial hypertension. Conclusion. Obvious comorbidity is associated with significant diagnostic difficulties and will require individual comprehensive treatment of such patients. The data expands the knowledge of the more common clinical features of esophagocardial interaction and is the basis for optimizing medical tactics for this category of patients.; Серед частих проявів, асоційованих із рефлюксною хворобою, є транзиторні порушення ритму серця та провідності. Експерти відмічають, що гастроезофагеальний рефлюкс виступає безпосереднім тригером виникнення аритмії. Проблема зв’язку ГЕРХ та ішемічної хвороби серця є дуже актуальною, що потребує за наявності больового синдрому в грудній клітці проводити детальне обстеження хворого для виявлення джерела болю як з боку серця, так і з боку стравоходу. Потрібно також враховувати наявність причинно-наслідкових зв’язків за поєднання ГЕРХ та артеріальної гіпертензії. Наявна коморбідність пов’язана з певними діагностичними труднощами, потребує індивідуального комплексного обстеження таких пацієнтів.

The effect of education in self-management principles on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2026-04-15T11:19:36Z

The effect of education in self-management principles on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Velychko, V. I.; Lahoda, D. O.; Tuliantseva, Ye. O.; Danylchuk, H. O.; Величко, В. І.; Лагода, Д. О.; Тулянцева, Є. О.; Данильчук, Г. О. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, exerting a substantial negative impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Education on the basics of diabetes self-management can improve treatment adherence and enhance QoL. Objective. To assess the effect of diabetes self-management education on the QoL of patients with T2DM, based on the Audit of DiabetesDependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) questionnaire results. Materials and methods. The study included 140 patients with T2DM. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to cognitive status and participation in diabetes self-management education. QoL was assessed using the ADDQoL questionnaire at baseline and after 12 months. Results. At baseline, the average weighted impact (AWI) scores were: Ia – –1.72 ± 0.41; Ib – –1.58 ± 0.40; IIa – –1.45 ± 1.61; IIb – –1.32 ± 1.49. After 12 months, a deterioration in AWI was observed in the subgroups without education (Ia: to –2.35 ± 0.43; p < 0.05; IIa: to –1.88 ± 1.90; p > 0.05), whereas patients who participated in the self–management program demonstrated a significant improvement (Ib: to –1.04 ± 0.31; IIb: to –0.79 ± 1.40; p < 0.05). A negative correlation was found between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and QoL (r = –0,28; p < 0,05) as well as between body mass index (BMI) and QoL (r = –0,25; p < 0,05), as well as a direct correlation between cognitive functions and QоL (r = 0,17; p < 0,05). Conclusions. T2DM has a negative impact on all QoL domains assessed by the ADDQoL questionnaire. Implementation of diabetes self-management education leads to statistically significant improvements in QoL and should be an integral part of the management of such patients.; У статті досліджено вплив навчання основам самоконтролю діабету на якість життя (ЯЖ) пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом (ЦД) 2-го типу. У дослідження включено 140 пацієнтів. З урахуванням наявності когнітивних порушень (КП) і участі в навчанні сформовано чотири підгрупи (Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb). Показник ЯЖ оцінювали за допомогою опитувальника «Аудит діабет-залежної ЯЖ» (Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life, ADDQoL). Через 12 місяців у підгрупах (Іа, ІІа), які не проходили навчання, спостерігалося погіршення середньозваженого показника впливу діабету (AWI) (Іа: до –2,35 ± 0,43; p < 0,05; ІІа: до –1,88 ± 1,90; p > 0,05), тоді як у пацієнтів у підгрупах (Іб, ІІб), які проходили навчання, відзначалося значуще покращення AWI (Іб: до –1,04 ± 0,31; ІІб: до –0,79 ± 1,40; p < 0,05). Встановлено негативний кореляційний зв’язок між рівнем глікованого гемоглобіну (HbA1c) (r = –0,28; p < 0,05) та індексом маси тіла (ІМТ) (r = –0,25; p < 0,05) і показниками ЯЖ, а також прямий – між когнітивними функціями та ЯЖ (r = 0,17; p < 0,05). Таким чином, впровадження навчання основ самоконтролю діабету забезпечує статистично значуще покращення показників ЯЖ і має бути невід’ємною частиною ведення таких пацієнтів.

Analysis of Child Maltreatment in Overweight / Obese Children

2026-04-15T12:30:39Z

Analysis of Child Maltreatment in Overweight / Obese Children Tsyunchyk, Yu. Child maltreatment is a global problem. Neglect is the most common type of child maltreatment and is caregiver failure to meet basic nutritional, medical, educational, and emotional needs of a child. Maltreatment can be triggered by caregivers with inadequate resources interacting with a vulnerable child.

Features of functional recovery in obese patients with acute myocardial infarction

2025-12-20T15:41:35Z

Features of functional recovery in obese patients with acute myocardial infarction Zhukova, Yu.; Zak, M.; Chelengirov, V.; Жукова, Ю.; Зак, М.; Челенгіров, В. The increasing prevalence of obesity within the general population necessitates the development of effective rehabilitation strategies for post-myocardial infarction patients with excess body weight. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of obesity on the functional recovery of patients undergoing rehabilitation following acute myocardial infarction. The rehabilitation outcomes of patients experiencing their first-ever acute myocardial infarction were analysed. These individuals had been admitted to a specialised cardiac intensive care and resuscitation unit, receiving treatment in accordance with established clinical protocols. The cohort included patients with class I obesity as well as those with a normal body weight. The rehabilitation programme lasted for three months and comprised physical activity, dietary habit modification, psychological support, and educational interventions aimed at preventing cardiovascular diseases. Recovery efficacy was assessed using body mass index, myocardial functional status, physical endurance level (six-minute walk test), and quality of life (SF-36). The findings demonstrated a positive effect of the rehabilitation measures on patients’ functional recovery. However, it was confirmed that individuals with obesity exhibited less pronounced improvements in quality of life (r=0.77; p<0.05), poorer adaptation to physical exertion, and slower recovery of haemodynamic parameters compared with patients of normal weight. Excess body weight was found to complicate the rehabilitation process, reduce its effectiveness, and prolong the recovery period. This underscores the rationale for a personalised rehabilitation approach that takes into account the degree of heart failure, pre-morbid physical fitness, and comorbidities. The results obtained may be applied to the development of individualised rehabilitation programmes aimed at improving treatment efficacy, reducing complication risks, and enhancing quality of life in post-myocardial infarction patients.; Зростання частоти ожиріння у популяції зумовлює потребу у створенні ефективних методів реабілітації постінфарктних хворих з надмірною вагою тіла. Метою дослідження було визначити, як ожиріння впливає на функціональне відновлення пацієнтів, що проходять реабілітацію після перенесеного гострого інфаркту міокарда. Були проаналізовані результати реабілітації хворих, що вперше у житті перенесли гострий інфаркт міокарда та перебували у стаціонарному відділенні інтенсивної терапії та реанімації кардіологічного профілю, отримуючи лікування відповідно до клінічних протоколів. Серед хворих були пацієнти з ожирінням І ступеня та з нормальною вагою тіла. Програма реабілітації тривала три місяці й включала фізичну активність, корекцію харчових звичок, психологічну підтримку та освітні заходи з профілактики серцево-судинних захворювань. Ефективність відновлення оцінювали за індексом маси тіла, функціональним станом міокарда, рівнем фізичної витривалості (тест 6-хвилинної ходьби) та якістю життя (SF-36). Результати дослідження засвідчили позитивний вплив реабілітаційних заходів на функціональне відновлення хворих. Водночас було підтверджено, що пацієнти з ожирінням мали менш виражене покращення якості життя (r = 0,77; p < 0,05), гіршу адаптацію до фізичних навантажень та повільніше відновлення гемодинамічних параметрів порівняно з хворими, які мали нормальну вагу. Виявлено, що надмірна маса тіла ускладнює процес реабілітації, знижує її ефективність та подовжує період відновлення. Це підтверджує доцільність персоналізованого підходу до реабілітації, що враховує ступінь серцевої недостатності, фізичну підготовку до захворювання та супутні патології. Отримані результати можуть бути використані для розробки індивідуальних реабілітаційних програм, спрямованих на підвищення ефективності лікування, зниження ризику ускладнень та покращення якості життя пацієнтів після інфаркту міокарда.

Cognitive Functions in Middle-Aged Patients with Manifestations of Metabolic Syndrome

2025-12-10T09:13:42Z

Cognitive Functions in Middle-Aged Patients with Manifestations of Metabolic Syndrome Khramtsov, D. M.; Chernyshov¹, O. V.; Nazarian, V. M.; Dobush, I. V. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a major contributor to cardiovascular and endocrine morbidity and has increasingly been implicated in neurodegenerative processes. However, early cognitive alterations in middle-aged individuals with MS often remain clinically overlooked. Objective. To assess cognitive functions and their associations with metabolic and vascular parameters in middle-aged patients with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods. A total of 86 middle-aged patients with MS diagnosed according to IDF (2005) criteria and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. All participants underwent comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation, including anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting glucose and insulin levels, and calculation of HOMA-IR. Cognitive functioning was assessed using a standardized neuropsychological battery (MMSE, MoCA, Trail Making Test A/B, Digit Span). Cerebrovascular and endothelial status were evaluated by carotid intima–media thickness and endothelial function testing. Statistical analysis included parametric/nonparametric tests and correlation analysis. Results. Patients with MS demonstrated significantly lower cognitive performance compared with controls, with prominent deficits in executive functions, attention, working memory, and processing speed. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MoCA < 26) was markedly higher in the MS group. Cognitive decline correlated strongly with insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and increased carotid intima–media thickness. A cumulative effect of MS components on cognitive outcomes was observed. Conclusions. Middle-aged patients with metabolic syndrome exhibit early, multidomain cognitive impairment closely associated with insulin resistance and cerebrovascular dysfunction. Routine cognitive screening in this population may facilitate early identification of individuals at elevated risk for cerebrovascular disease and cognitive decline and support timely preventive interventions.

Prevention of postpartum depression new algorithm in limited resources during full-scale invasion in Ukraine

2025-10-13T10:21:07Z

Prevention of postpartum depression new algorithm in limited resources during full-scale invasion in Ukraine Artyomenko, V.; Lahoda, D.; Shapoval, M.; Velichko, G. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a most common psychological disorder that can occur a few days after childbirth, usually lasting from 2-3 days/weeks and even up to 1–2 years affecting 6,5% to 60% of postpartum women globally. It is well known that war and all changes in life related to hostilities are a significant factor that affects the mental state of a person. Women throughout the evolution have become pregnant and gave birth to children not depending on the presence or absence of hostilities. . In order to identify possible anxiety-depression disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and PPD further prevention, we have developed and introduced our own management algorithm consisting of screening online survey and subsequent personalized interventions.

Analysis of Child Maltreatment in Overweight / Obese Children

2025-09-03T09:00:45Z

Analysis of Child Maltreatment in Overweight / Obese Children Tsyunchyk, Yu. Background: Child maltreatment is a global problem. Neglect is the most common type of child maltreatment and is caregiver failure to meet basic nutritional, medical, educational, and emotional needs of a child. Maltreatment can be triggered by caregivers with inadequate resources interacting with a vulnerable child. Research questions: To verify the risk factors of the maltreatment in overweight / obese children. Method: Analysis of child maltreatment were identified by survey and anonymous questioning of 328 overweight children, 364 obese children, and 256 control children, and their parents (1286). Statistical processing of the received data was performed using programs Excel 2010, Statistika 10.

Metabolic diseases and mental disorders in female subfertility: first results on assessment and correction by cognitive behavioral therapy

2025-07-17T10:51:38Z

Metabolic diseases and mental disorders in female subfertility: first results on assessment and correction by cognitive behavioral therapy Artyomenko, V.; Zhelezov, D.; Lahoda, D.; Derishov, S.; Velichko, G.; Piron-Dumitrascu, M.; Kugel, V. Women with subfertility and metabolic diseases (MD) are more prone to depression and anxiety, worsening quality of life on their way to pregnancy. We investigate the mental disorders prevalence in women with subfertility and MD for their correction using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The study involved 609 women with MD, 314 of whom were primary or secondary subfertile. We have developed, proposed, and implemented the 5-step assessment and correction algorithm in the CBT context, using women’s subfertility and MD peculiarities. The results of the first 2 steps of the assessment and correction algorithm were presented. Obese subfertile women had an increased level of anxiety and depressive disorders and a lower cognitive level compared to patients with dyslipidemia (p≤0.05). Subfertility and metabolic syndrome were accompanied by reduced cognitive function (p≤0.05). The automatic thoughts index in subfertile women with MD was >2.5. The highest score in the subfertile women for “Preparation” means “patient is ready for changes shortly”, which seems very promising. Based on the determined patterns, CBT seems to be effective in correcting mental disorders in women with subfertility and chronic MD, as it helps to change destructive beliefs and develop healthy behaviors.

The individualization of estimation of changes in the reaction of the cardiovascular system to the procedure of manual therapy of the thoracic spine in men with a vertebral thoracalgia in the sanatorium-resort treatment’ course

2025-02-19T10:52:08Z

The individualization of estimation of changes in the reaction of the cardiovascular system to the procedure of manual therapy of the thoracic spine in men with a vertebral thoracalgia in the sanatorium-resort treatment’ course Panenko, A.; Romanchuk, O. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reaction of the cardiovascular system of men with vertebral thoracalgia to manual therapy procedures on the chest during the course of sanatorium-resort treatment of spinal osteochondrosis.Material and methodsUnder supervision were 26 men aged 32.3 (27.9; 42.9) years who underwent a course of sanatorium-resort treatment for vertebral thoracalgia in the clinical sanatorium named after V.P. Chkalov (Odesa, Ukraine) in 2010–2011. The treatment complex included of4 thoracic spine manual therapy(TSMT) procedures, which were performed every 5–7 days of sanatorium-resort treatment. The indicators of the cardiovascularsystem were recorded using the Omron M1 Classic device (Japan) in a supine position before and after every procedure TSMT.