Видання іноземною мовою. Кафедра травматології, ортопедії та воєнно-польової хірургії

Application of the navigation system in primary total knee replacement

2025-12-10T12:50:07Z

Application of the navigation system in primary total knee replacement Sukhin, Yu. V.; Pavlychko, Yu. Yu.; Bovsunovskyi, B. R.; Сухін, Ю. В.; Павличко, Ю. Ю.; Бовсуновський, Б. Р. It is difficult to imagine the modern world and medicine without the application of computer technologies, which significantly enhance doctors' work and improve its quality. These technologies positively impact the speed and accuracy of surgical interventions. Specifically, in knee arthroplasties, precise measurements and calculations are crucial for correctly implanting endoprostheses and avoiding postoperative complications to achieve favourable biomechanical outcomes.The aim of the study was to compare experience of applying a modern computerised navigation system in identifying the actual resection levels of the femur and tibia during knee arthroplasty, with conventional methods experience.Materials and methods. The Orthopilot navigation system, produced by the Aesculap company, was used at the Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics, and Combat Trauma of Odesa National Medical University, based at the University Clinic. This system allows the real-time determination of the most optimal resection points for the femoral and tibial bones during 3D modelling of the surgical procedure. Surgery using a computed navigation system was performed on a 55-year-old female patient with grade III gonarthrosis underwent treatment and were examined postoperatively for six months. The study was conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki, patient was informed about the objectives of the study and provided informed consent to participate in the study and the processing of her personal data.Results. During the study, it was found that the installation of knee joint endoprosthesіs using a computerized navigation system allows more accurate implant placement and helps to avoid imbalance of the knee joint ligaments and, despite the longer duration of the operation, is considered safe regarding blood loss and postoperative complications.; Сучасний світ і медицину неможливо уявити без використання та впровадження комп’ютерних технологій, які явно полегшують і покращують роботу лікарів, позитивно впливаючи на швидкість та точність виконання оперативних втручань. Зокрема, операція з ендопротезування колінного суглоба потребує точних вимірів і розрахунків для коректного встановлення імплантів та уникнення розвитку післяопераційних ускладнень, досягнення позитивних результатів з погляду біомеханіки руху.У статті розглянуто клінічний випадок лікування пацієнтки з діагнозом «Гонартроз ІІІ ст.» на базі Університетської клініки ОНМедУ, використаний для порівняння досвіду використання комп’ютеризованої навігаційної системи з досвідом використання традиційних мануальних навігаційних систем.

Impact of antibodies to CCD on the results of serological testing for food allergy

2025-10-06T11:01:07Z

Impact of antibodies to CCD on the results of serological testing for food allergy Gai, L. A.; Kurtova, M. M.; Tarasov, Ye. V.; Kovaliuk, O. V.; Koltsova, I. H.; Гай, Л. А.; Куртова, М. М.; Тарасов, Є. В.; Ковалюк, О. В.; Кольцова, І. Г. Serological tests for food allergy can yield false positive results due to antibodies against cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD), potentially leading to overdiagnosis of IgE-mediated food allergy. Objective – to assess the impact of anti-CCD antibodies on the results of serological testing for food allergy in patients from southern Ukraine. Methods. A total of 1.210 patients with a suggestive or convincing history of food allergy underwent serological testing for specific IgE antibodies to various food allergens using two immunoblotting panels. One panel included a CCD marker. Statistical analysis compared the frequency and pattern of positive results in patients with and without anti-CCD antibodies. Results. Antibodies to at least one allergen were detected in 46.0% of patients. Patients with anti-CCD antibodies had a higher count of positive reactions to CCD-containing allergens (mean: 7.30 vs. 0.85, p = <0.001*), while no such significant difference was observed for nonCCD allergens (mean: 1.15 vs. 1.90, p = 0.0256). Conclusion. The presence of anti-CCD antibodies significantly increases the number of positive reactions to CCD-containing food allergens in serological tests. Multiple positive results for such allergens should prompt suspicion of anti-CCD antibodies and further evaluation to avoid overdiagnosis of food allergy.; Серед 1210 пацієнтів із підозрою або підтвердженим анамнезом харчової алергії у південному регіоні України у 46,0% виявлено антитіла хоча б до одного алергену з двох панелей. Вперше в Україні досліджено вплив антитіл до перехресно-реактивних вуглеводних детермінант (CCD) на результати серологічного тестування: у носіїв анти-CCD антитіл кількість позитивних реакцій на CCD-вмісні алергени була суттєво вищою (у середньому 7,30 проти 0,85; p<0,001), тоді як для алергенів без CCD такої різниці не виявлено. Отже, множинні позитивні результати на CCD-вмісні харчові алергени під час тестування екстрактами повинні викликати підозру на наявність анти-CCD антитіл і є підставою для додаткового обстеження з метою уникнення надмірної діагностики IgEопосередкованої харчової алергії.

Analysis of Trends in the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis and Treatment

2025-06-19T07:35:28Z

Analysis of Trends in the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis and Treatment Pererva, V.; Maltsev, D.; Hruzevskyi, O.; Gai, L.; Dekhtiar, Yu. AI in healthcare has improved, making diagnostics more accurate and increasing the effectiveness of treatments. The present study discusses the AI trends in diagnostic and therapeutic applications and focuses on the presented practical applications and their effects on patient care. The purpose of this particular review is to focus on the current developments in the implementation of AI in the field of health care, present main use cases and successes, as well as discuss about the issues and concerns in the topic at hand. Method: Previous studies on AI in healthcare with specific consideration of diagnostic image analysis and interpretation, histology and molecular pathology, whole-genome sequencing, and therapeutic decision support are discussed. The selection criteria included papers with data gathered from real-life AI cases and quantitative findings. Study materials were obtained from e-journals, conference papers, and established online sources with descriptive analysis being done on the data collected. Results: a summary of the findings revealed a number of highly impactful subcategories focused on the use of artificial intelligence diagnostic imaging, especially in radiology, pathology, and genomics. The AI applications used in the fields of operations and drug discovery revealed the ability to accurately predict clinical trial outcomes and to create effective treatments. Conclusion: first of all, AI can become a game changer in healthcare by enhancing diagnostics accuracy and treatment outcomes. The future research questions include further developing the methods that explain the AI models’ decisions, protecting the privacy of patient information, and reducing algorithmic bias for better fair healthcare for all. Therefore, better interactions between creators of AI and clinicians and regulatory authorities are pertinent to make sure that the full advantages of AI are realized in clinical practice to advance patient care.

Adapting Ukrainian Medical Education to the Challenges of War: A Scoping Review

2025-06-19T07:12:59Z

Adapting Ukrainian Medical Education to the Challenges of War: A Scoping Review Chavarha, M.; Suprunenko, S.; Shpryakha, Ya.; Gai, L.; Glavatskyi, O. The war in Ukraine, which began in 2014 and escalated into a full-scale invasion in 2022, significantly transformed teaching methods in higher education. The skills acquired during distance learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 proved valuable, especially in medical education, where mastering practical skills typically requires in-person practice at the patient’s bedside, in operating rooms, and laboratories. Method: to address the challenge of acquiring practical skills remotely, simulation methods were introduced, applicable both in simulation centers and through virtual simulation technologies. A systematic review was conducted to generalize and analyze research publications on the integration of simulation teaching methods into the medical education system. A total of 32 publications were selected according to systematic review standards. The literature search was conducted from 2019 to 2024 using the keywords “simulation learning,” “virtual reality,” “mixed reality,” “medical education,” and “distance learning” on the Scopus and PubMed platforms. The systematization of the analyzed literature was performed using the PRISMA program. Results: the review identified the main areas of implementation of virtual simulation tools in the educational process. The analysis highlighted how these tools contribute to the development of practical skills and enhance the overall learning experience for medical students during distance learning. Conclusions: the use of simulation training in medical education represents significant progress, improving the quality of training for medical professionals and ensuring the effective development of practical skills, even in remote learning conditions.

Therapeutic management of a severe maxillofacial defect after landmine fragmentation

2025-06-18T11:50:42Z

Therapeutic management of a severe maxillofacial defect after landmine fragmentation Logai, V.; Pedchenko, D.; Guljuk, A.; Infante-Cossio, P.; Mazur, V. Reconstruction of severe maxillofacial defects caused by shrapnel represents a complex challenge in the maxillofacial area. We report the case of a 42-year-old military patient who suffered extensive soft tissue and bone defects following an injury from fragmentation of an antipersonnel mine in the Ukrainian war. He presented a shrapnel wound with massive soft tissue damage in the midface region and fractures with multiple fragments in the maxilla and orbital walls, including loss of soft tissue, bone and eyeball. A two-stage surgical approach was performed. In the initial prehospital phase, surgical debridement with cavity cleaning and removal of foreign bodies and nonviable tissue was performed. In a second phase after evacuation to the Military Medical Clinic, a 3D model was created, and a custom-made titanium mesh was made to reconstruct the periorbital and maxillary area. Subsequently, residual correction of a skin defect was required using a frontal pedicle flap. The result at 6 months was satisfactory. This case demonstrates the importance of a multidisciplinary and stepwise approach to optimize functional and aesthetic outcomes in complex maxillofacial reconstructions in the military setting.

Strategies to Minimise Allergic Conditions in Wounded Servicemen Using the Latest Methods and Drugs

2024-06-17T12:22:53Z

Strategies to Minimise Allergic Conditions in Wounded Servicemen Using the Latest Methods and Drugs Gai, L.; Hruzevskyi, O.; Kahliak, M.; Kobylnyk, S.; Tarasov, Ye. Aims: To improve existing knowledge in aetiology, diagnosis, management and treatment of allergic and respiratory disorders in military personnel. The paper also discussed specific treatments, best practices, and key sources and advances in the physical environment for optimal health improvement. Study design: A comprehensive review of literature spanning from 2019 to 2024. Methodology: A comprehensive review on minimising allergic conditions in wounded servicemen utilised PubMed to search for relevant literature 2019–2024. Following screening, six studies were chosen from 321 records. Results: The findings summarised in this paper presented valuable information on allergy and general health among soldiers. The research included works with large samples, one of which included over 20 million members of the active military and veterans. Major risks were demonstrated with environmental factors; 77% of participants experienced a contact dermatitis to adhesive tapes, and 61% to colophonium. Accident risks were also highlighted, especially for factors such as fine particulate matter and dust storms. Measures for treating the conditions involved both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods with individual evaluations and tests like pulmonary function tests and chest CT scans. All these figures implied the need of combating health issues in an effective way within the framework of military groups. Scientific Novelty: This research contributed to the knowledge about allergic in military personnel and developed personalised treatment, prevention and early diagnostics on large scale epidemiological data to promote the health and combat readiness of servicemen. Conclusion: The research mainly focused on allergic and respiratory problems that are more common in military personnel; hence the need for accurate allergens identification and complex treatment plans. The use of technology and the application of individual approaches are vital for the population management, improvement of its richness, and readiness. Therefore, it is important that Military healthcare systems incorporate sound prevention and management practices correspondingly.

The use of immunological drugs for the treatment of wound infections in military personnel during hostilities

2024-06-17T11:37:57Z

The use of immunological drugs for the treatment of wound infections in military personnel during hostilities Gai, L.; Hruzevskyi, O.; Koltsova, I.; Dubina, A.; Tabulina, A. Aims: To assesses the trends in immunological drug development for managing wound infections in military personnel. To discuss the efficacy, safety, and long-term results, focusing on combination therapies, and identifying research deficits for improving the care of military wounds. Methodology: A narrative review was used in order to explores the use of immunological drugs for treating wound infections in military settings utilising a search strategy identified 840 publications from PubMed, with 6 studies meeting inclusion criteria for analysis from the years 2019 to 2022. Results: The narrative review concerning the use of immunological drugs for treating wound infections in military personnel during hostilities revealed an increasing trend in research interest from 2000 to 2024, with a significant rise from 7 publications in 2000 and 2001 to a peak of 72 in 2018, followed by a descent to 19 in 2021 likely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and a slight recovery to 41 in 2022. The key findings included a 50% reduction in infection rates and a 30% faster healing time with monoclonal antibody treatments, over 95% accuracy in species identification of MDR strains, and reduced bacteremia incidence with GM-CSF and G-CSF. Adverse effects varied from mild to moderate, including infusion reactions, nausea, and fatigue. The highlighted challenges included the need for larger sample sizes, long-term follow-up, optimal dosages, and studying diverse populations. Scientific Novelty: Explore the innovative realm of immunological drugs, a promising frontier in combating wound infections among military personnel during active hostilities. Conclusion: The review also identified new developments in immunomodulatory agents for military wound infection, which are effective in decreasing infection rates and enhancing the rate of wound healing.

Клинико-статистический анализ травм заднего отдела стопы

2025-08-14T07:28:22Z

Клинико-статистический анализ травм заднего отдела стопы Бодня, А. И.; Бутенко, Л. Л.; Грузенский, А. А.; Bodnya, A.; Butenko, L.; Hruzevskyi, A. Проведено клинико-статистическое изучение частоты, структуры и обстоятельств травмы заднего отдела стопы у 1047 пациентов, поступивших в клинику в период с 2007 по 2020 гг. Установлены возрастно-половые группы, у которых травмы, приводящие к госпитализации, чаще возникли в результате падения с низкой кинетической энергией в быту или на улице вследствие неосторожности, противоправных действий и дорожно-транспортных происшествий. Большинство пациентов госпитализированы в срочном порядке после травмы, среди них преобладали (84,82%) переломы пяточной кости. Две клинические группы проанализированы на предмет выбранной тактики лечения.; A clinical and statistical study of the frequency, structure and circumstances of posterior foot injury was carried out in 1047 patients admitted to the clinic in the period from 2007 to 2020. Age and gender groups have been identified, in which most often injuries leading to hospitalization occurred as a result of a fall with low kinetic energy at home or on the street, due to negligence, illegal actions and road accidents. The majority of patients were hospitalized urgently after injury, among which fractures of the calcaneus prevailed (84?82%). Two clinical groups were analyzed for the chosen treatment tactics.

Heat exchange in the human eye: a review

2024-01-30T08:35:00Z

Heat exchange in the human eye: a review Zadorozhnyy, O. S.; Korol, A. R.; Naumenko, V. O.; Pasyechnikova, N. V.; Butenko, L. L. Thermal homeostasis is required in order to ensure that the normal function of the human body is maintained under various environmental conditions. Various pathological processes impacting metabolism in tissues and organs (e.g., the human eye) are accompanied by changes in relative internal heat balance. Although numerous relevant studies have been conducted, heat exchange processes in the human eye have not been yet sufficiently investigated. Further research on the features of heat exchange in the eye is required not only to improve our knowledge in the field of physiology of the eye, but also to use the data obtained for developing novel advanced techniques for eye disease diagnosis and treatment.

Experimental study of osteosynthesis stability of the distal part of the humerus

2023-10-11T07:41:28Z

Experimental study of osteosynthesis stability of the distal part of the humerus Bodnya, О. I.; Dubovyk, S. L.; Karpinsky, M. Yu.; Karpinska, O. D. Unresolved issue is improving of the osteosynthesis of extraarticular fractures of the distal humerus. Search for a simplified method of biological fixation, which assumes, with low trauma, to ensure the stable fixation of fragments and movements in the elbow joint in the early postoperative period. Objective. To carry out a comparative analysis of the bone fragments displacement of the distal humerus in extra-articular fractures, stabilized by extraosseous and transosseous osteosynthesis. Methods. Biomechanical study of the distal humerus model was made. Transosseous osteosynthesis was modeled using the author’s external fixation apparatus (EFA). For comparison, we chose an osteosynthesis with a Y-shaped plate. The humeral models were loaded with an interval and a stepwise increased in the load for compression along the axis, flexion in a parallel plane, as well as perpendicular to the fixing elements of the plate and EFA. The magnitude of the load gradually increased from 0 to 250 N with a step of 50 N. The magnitude of the forces at which, due to the action of various loads, a displacement at the level of the fracture appeared. Results. The analysis of experimental studies showed that the rod apparatus and the plate provide the same stability of fixation of the fragments of the humerus under conditions of axial compression load (p > 0.05). Under the influence of bending loads of more than 100 N in a plane parallel to the fixing elements, the plate had a slight advantage (10 %). A significantly better result (p < 0.01) was obtained when an external device was used under the action of bending loads in a plane perpendicular to the fixing elements. Conclusions. In the case of fractures of the distal humerus, the transosseous osteosynthesis using the proposed external fixation rod device ensures the stability of the fragments under all loading options. It is quite reliable and can be recommended for use in clinical practice. Key words. Distal humerus, transosseous osteosynthesis, external osteosynthesis, full-scale biomechanical studies.; Предметом невирішених питань удосконалення остеосинтезу позасуглобових переломів дистального відділу плечової кістки є пошук спрощеної методики біологічної фіксації, що передбачає за малої травматичності забезпечення стабілізації відламків кісток і рухів у ліктьовому суглобі в ранньому післяопераційному періоді. Мета роботи: провести порівняльний аналіз залежності величини зміщення фрагментів у дистальному відділі плечової кістки за умов позасуглобових переломів, стабілізованих за допомогою накісткового та черезкісткового остеосинтезу. Проведено стендове біомеханічне дослідження стану моделі дистального відділу плечової кістки. Моделювали черезкістковий остеосинтез із використанням авторського апарата зовнішньої фіксації (АЗФ). Для порівняння вибрали накістковий остеосинтез Y-подібною пластиною. Моделі плечової кістки навантажували з інтервалом і ступінчастим збільшенням навантаження на стиск по осі, згинання в площині, що проходить паралельно, а також перпендикулярно фіксувальним елементам пластини й АЗФ. Величину навантаження поступово збільшували від 0 до 250 Н із кроком 50 Н. Фіксували величину сил, за яких унаслідок дії різних навантажень з’являлося зміщення на рівні перелому. Результати. Аналіз експериментальних досліджень показав, що стрижневий апарат і пластина забезпечують однакову стабільність фіксації відламків плечової кістки за умов осьового навантаження на стиск (р > 0,05). Під впливом згинальних навантажень понад 100 Н у площині, паралельній фіксувальним елементам, незначну перевагу (10 %) має пластина. Суттєво кращий результат (р < 0,01) отримано в разі застосування зовнішнього пристрою під дією згинальних навантажень у площині, перпендикулярній фіксувальним елементам. Висновки. У випадку переломів дистального відділу плечової кістки черезкістковий остеосинтез запропонованим стрижневим апаратом зовнішньої фіксації забезпечує стабільність відламків за всіх варіантів навантаження. Він є досить надійним і може бути рекомендованим до використання в клінічній практиці. Ключові слова. Дистальний відділ плечової кістки, черезкістковий остеосинтез, накістковий остеосинтез, натурні біомеханічні дослідження.