https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/901 Sun, 20 Mar 2022 07:16:01 GMT 2022-03-20T07:16:01Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/11220 The effect of dietary fat supplements on the activity of palmitic and stearic acid desaturases based on the results of a study of the fatty acid composition of neutral lipids in blood serumand liver of rats receiving a fat-free diet Levitsky, A. P.; Gozhenko, A. I.; Velichko, V. V.; Selivanskaya, I. A. Desaturase enzymes are involved in the formation of monoenoic acids from saturated fatty acids. One such enzyme is stearyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD1), which converts stearic acid to oleic acid. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of edible fats with different fatty acid compositions on SCD1 activity.Methods.High linoleic sunflower oil (HLSO), high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and palm oil (PO) were used. The rats were fed for 30 days with a semi-synthetic diet that did not contain any fats (FFD) and fat diets containing 5 % of each of the above oils. In animals, lipids were extracted from serum and liver and divided into3 fractions: neutral lipids (NL), phospholipids (PL), and free fatty acids (FFA).The fatty acid composition of each fraction was determined by gas chromatography. The SCD18 activity was determined by the C18:1 n-9/C18:0 ‒ratio, and the SCD16 activity was determined by the C16:1n-7/C16:0 ratio. Results.A higher activity of SCD16 and SCD18 was found in the NL fraction, and the activity of SCD18 significantly exceeds that of SCD16. A decrease in the content of C16:0, C16:1and C18:0 in the NL fraction of the liver and blood serum was shown. The activity of SCD16 in blood serum and liver decreases in rats fed fat diets, while the activity of SCD18 does not decrease, and even increases with the consumption of HOSO.Conclusions.To determine the SCD1 activity, it is advisable to use the C18:1/C18:0 ratio in terms of the level of fatty acids in the NL fraction. Fatty diet inhibits SCD16 activity, and consumption of HOSO increases SCD18 activity. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/11220 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10894 Therapeutic and preventive effectiveness of antidisbiotic agents in rats with lipid intoxication Levitsky, A. P.; Gozhenko, A. I.; Velichko, V. V.; Selivanskaya, I. A.; Markov, A. V. Aim: to determine the effect of antidisbiotic agents on the state of the organism of rats under conditions of lipid intoxication and to propose a comprehensive method for assessing therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy. Methods: lipid intoxication was induced in rats using thermoperoxide sunflower oil. As antidisbiotic agents, drugs containing quercetin, inulin, calcium citrate (Kvertulin), lecithin, quercetin, inulin, calcium citrate (Lekvin), flavolignans, inulin, lecithin, calcium citrate (Lekasil) and lysozyme, quercetin, inulin, gelatin, calcium citrate (Lysozyme-forte). The level of markers of inflammation and dysbiosis (elastase, urease, MDA) and the level of markers of defense systems (lysozyme, catalase) were determined in the tissues of the gums, the mucous membrane of the colon, liver and blood serum. The pathogenic effect of lipid intoxication was assessed by the sum of changes in the level of markers. The therapeutic effect of antidisbiotic drugs was also assessed by the pattern of the change in the level of markers. Results: lipid intoxication increases the activity of elastase, urease and MDA content in tissues, but decreases the level of lysozyme and catalase. Antidisbiotic drugs have antiinflammatory effects. Lipid intoxication most of all affects the mucous membrane of the colon and liver. The most effective was Lysozyme-forte. Conclusions: a comprehensive method for assessing the pathogenic effect of lipid toxins and a comprehensive method for assessing the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of antidisbiotic drugs are proposed. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10894 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10155 Therapeutic and prophylactic efficiency of polyfunctional anti-disbiotic drugs under conditions of experimental lipid intoxication Levitsky, A. P.; Gozhenko, A. I.; Selivanskaya, I. A.; Lapinskaya, A. P.; Tomilina, T. V.; Badiuk, N. S. Aim: to compare the therapeutic and prophylactic efficiency (TPE) of four polyfunctional antidisbiotic drugs (PFAD) in experimental lipid intoxication. Methods: TPE was assessed by the nature of changes in blood serum levels of biochemical markers of inflammation (elastase, MDA), bacteremia (urease), nonspecific immunity (lysozyme). The following PFAD were used: Kvertulin (quercetin + inulin + calcium citrate), Lekvin (lecithin + quercetin + inulin + calcium citrate), Lekasil (lecithin + milk thistle meal + calcium citrate) and Lysozyme-forte (lysozyme + quercetin + inulin + gelatin + calcium citrate). Lipid intoxication was carried out on rats by introducing thermal peroxide sunflower oil (TPSO) with food at a dose of 4 g/kg for 75 days. PFAD was administered from day 31 at a dose of 300 mg/kg for 45 days. Results: there was a significant increase in the level of elastase, MDA, urease and a significant decrease in the activity of lysozyme in the blood serum of rats treated with TPSO. After the introduction of all drugs, a significant decrease in the level of elastase, MDA, urease and a significant increase in the activity of lysozyme were observed. Conclusion: with lipid intoxication, a dysbiotic syndrome develops, manifested by bacteremia, a decrease in the level of nonspecific immunity and manifestations of systemic inflammation. Taking polyfunctional antidisbiotic drugs reduces bacteremia, enhances nonspecific immunity and prevents the development of systemic inflammation. The most effective remedy turned out to be "LysozymeForte". Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10155 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10149 Influence of fat-free, fat and sucrose diets on the indicators of lipid metabolism in rats Levitsky, A. P.; Selivanskaya, I. A.; Lapinskaya, A. P.; Pupin, T. I.; Badiuk, N. S. The aim. To determine the effect on lipid metabolism in the serum of rats of diets: fat-free, fat and sucrose. Materials and methods. Feeding experiments were carried out on rats divided into 3 groups: the first received a fat-free diet (FFD), the second received a diet with 5 % sunflower oil and the third received a diet with 50 % sucrose. The condition of lipid metabolism was assessed according to the following indicators of blood serum: the content of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, MDA, fatty acid composition of neutral lipids (TG + cholesterol esters) and phospholipids. The duration of feeding was 30 days. Results. An increase in TG levels in rats fed with oil or sucrose and a decrease in MDA levels in rats fed a sucrose diet was found. The greatest gain in live weight was found in rats fed a fat diet. The presence of all essential fatty acids in the blood serum lipids of rats receiving FFD and a sucrose diet was found, and the content of ω-3 PUFAs was the highest in rats treated with FFD. Conclusions. Rats have endogenous sources of PUFA, including the ω-3 series. Consumption of sunflower oil inhibits the formation of ω-3 PUFAs and increases the ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratio by 2.5-4 times. Consumption of sucrose increases the formation of oleic acid and decreases lipid peroxidation. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10149 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10127 Influence of high-fat nutrition with different fat-acid composition of fats on lipid peroxidation processes in rat's organs and tissues Levitsky, A. P.; Egorov, B. V.; Gozhenko, A. I.; Badiuk, N. S.; Selivanskaya, I. A.; Lapinskaya, A. P. The aim. To determine the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) using fats of different fatty acid composition on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the organs and tissues of rats and on catalase activity. Materials and methods. The following edible fats were used: regular (high linoleic) sunflower oil, high oleic sunflower oil, palm, butter and coconut oils at a concentration of 15 % by weight of the diet. The rats were fed for 64 days. Before euthanasia, rats were bled from v. porta and v. cava inferior. The MDA content and catalase activity were determined in blood serum, in liver homogenates, intestinal mucous membranes, in skeletal muscles, heart and brain. The antioxidant-prooxidant index of API was calculated from the ratio of catalase activity and MDA content. Results. found that the content of the MDA in v. cava is significantly higher than v. porta. High-fat diet (HFD) increases the MDA content in all tissues except the brain, and most of all in the liver and after the consumption of high-palmitic fats (palm and butter), as well as high-linoleic sunflower oil. The exception is high oleic sunflower oil, the consumption of which does not increase the MDA content. Catalase activity reacts little to HFD. Conclusions. the liver secrete MDA into the blood. HFD increases the level of MDA in organs and tissues, except for the brain, without significantly reducing the activity of catalase. The antioxidant effect of HFD using high oleic sunflower oil can be explained by the antioxidant properties of oleic acid. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/10127 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9922 Efficiency of ademethionine in oxidative stress in tissues of irradiated rats Stepanov, G. F.; Tereshchenko, L. O.; Oleinik, E. V.; Maryniuk, G. S.; Budalenko, O. I.; Dubna, E. S. Introduction. Ionizing radiation in low doses of low intensity causes prolonged activationof lipid per oxidation and depletion of the antioxidant system in a living organism. Moreover, Ademethionine is currently being considered as a promisingantioxidant. Method. Experimental studies were carried out on 60 sexually mature male Wistar rats. The animals were irradiated in a total dose of 1Gy on a γ-therapeutic device AGAT-R No. 83 (isotope 60Co). At the end of the total dose, the rats were injected intraperitoneally with Heptral (ademethionine) after 15 minutes, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156 hours after radiation exposure at the rate of 10 mg / kg mass. After the introduction of Heptral, the animals were taken into the experiment after 24 hours, 3, 7, 15 days. In homogenates of the spleen and thymus of animals, the amount of oxidized and reduced forms of pyridine nucleotides was determined. Results. Chronic γ-irradiation in a total dose of 1Gy leads to a significant decrease in the content of reduced forms of pyridine nucleotides in the spleen and thymus of rats. Administration of Heptral to irradiated animals normalized oxidative homeostasis. So, on the 7th day of the experiment, the amount of oxidized forms of pyridine nucleotides in the spleen was 47.3% lower, and reduced - 36.3% higher than in animals that did not receive treatment. At the end of the observation period, the reduction coefficient of pyridine nucleotides in the spleen slightly differed from the control level. In comparison with irradiated animals, which were not injected with Heptral, the NADP content was lower by 70.3%, and NADPH2 - higher by 48.8%. Conclusion. The course administration of Heptral to irradiated animals leads to the normalization of the reduction factor of pyridine nucleotides. According to its mechanism of action, Heptral can be used in the complex treatment of low- intensity radiation injuries in low doses. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9922 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9867 Simplex representation of molecular structure as universal QSAR/QSPR tool.  Kuz’min, V.; Artemenko, A.; Ognichenko, L.; Hromov, A.; Kosinskaya, A.; Stelmakh, S.; Sessions, Z. L.; Muratov, E. N. We review the development and application of the Simplex approach for the solution of various QSAR/QSPR problems. The general concept of the simplex method and its varieties are described. The advantages of utilizing this methodology, especially for the interpretation of QSAR/QSPR models, are presented in comparison to other fragmentary methods of molecular structure representation. The utility of SiRMS is demonstrated not only in the standard QSAR/QSPR applications, but also for mixtures, polymers, materials, and other complex systems. In addition to many different types of biological activity (antiviral, antimicrobial, antitumor, psychotropic, analgesic, etc.), toxicity and bioavailability, the review examines the simulation of important properties, such as water solubility, lipophilicity, as well as luminescence, and thermodynamic properties (melting and boiling temperatures, critical parameters, etc.). This review focuses on the stereochemical description of molecules within the simplex approach and details the possibilities of universal molecular stereo-analysis and stereochemical configuration description, along with stereo-isomerization mechanism and molecular fragment “topography” identification. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9867 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9627 Effect of Total Extract of Milk Thistle Fruits on the Absorption of Glycine in the Rats Small Intestine under Physiological Conditions Storchylo, O. V. Objectives and method: To determine the effect of total extract of milk thistle fruits on the velocity of glycine absorption in the chronic experiments under physiological condition with no operation trauma, pain, narcosis and atrophy of the small intestine. Results: In the presence of total extract of milk thistle fruits the glycine absorption velocity increases during one hour of perfusion. Absolute values of glycine absorption are higher in the presence of milk thistle fruits extract then in its absence. We observed no dissolution of perfusate with gastrointestinal fluids in the small intestine functioning part indicating that absorption of water in this fragment of small intestine prevails in the presence and in the absence of milk thistle extract both. Conclusions: Total extract of milk thistle fruits activates the velocity of absorption of glycine in the functioning fragment of the rats′ small intestine under physiological conditions. Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9627 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9551 Biochemical indicators of the organism condition of rats which received high-fat diets with different fatty acid composition Levitsky, A. P.; Selivanskaya, I. A.; Selivanskaya, A. V.; Pupin, T. I. Aim. To determine the effects on the body of high-fat diets (HFD) with different fatty acid composition. Methods. Used ordinary sunflower, olive, palm and butter, which were introduced into the feed in an amount of 15 %. Rats were fed for 41 days. Gum, liver, small intestinal mucosa were isolated and blood serum was obtained, which determined the activity of elastase, ALT and alkaline phosphatase, as well as the content of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. The activity of elastase, catalase, urease, lysozyme, and MDA content were determined in tissue homogenates. The API index and the degree of dysbiosis were calculated. Results. In rats treated with HFD, elastase, urease, MDA content increased, but lysozyme and catalase activity decreased in all tissues, the API index also decreased, and the degree of dysbiosis increased significantly. Serum triglycerides and cholesterol increased. Stronger pathological changes occurred in rats treated with palm or butter, and the lowest in rats treated with olive oil. Conclusion. HFD causes the development of dysbiosis, decreased levels of antioxidant protection and the development of inflammation, more pronounced with the consumption of fats high in palmitic acid. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9551 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9550 Therapeutic and preventive effectiveness of oral application of phitogels “Kvertulin”, “Biotrit” and “Dubovy” in inflammatory complications in the digestive system of rats treated with thermoperoxide sunflower oil Levitsky, A. P.; Markov, A. V.; Pupin, T. I.; Labush, Iu. Z.; Selivanskaya, I. A.; Lapinskaya, A. P. Aim. It has been established that the consumption of thermoperoxide fats causes the development of pathological processes in the tissues of the mouth, stomach, intestines and liver. The purpose of this work is to determine the possibility of their normalization using oral applications of phytogels. Methods. Thermoperoxide oil (TPSO) was obtained by heating sunflower oil in the presence of H2O2 at a temperature of +180 °C for 60 minutes. Oral TPSO applications were made on the oral mucosa at a dose of 2.25 g/kg daily for 5 days. Used mucose-adhesive phytogels "Kvertulin" (quercetin + inulin), "Biotrit" (juice from wheat sprout) and "Dubovy" (extract of polyphenolic compounds from oak wood) in the form of oral applications at a dose of 2.25 g/kg for half an hour before TPSO applications daily for 5 days. Elastase and urease activity and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content were determined in homogenates of the mucous membranes of the cheek, stomach, small and large intestines, as well as in the liver. Results. Oral applications of TPSO increased the levels of MDA, elastase and urease in the tissues of the digestive system. Applications of phytogels significantly normalized these parameters. Conclusions. Oral applications of TPSO cause the development of inflammation in the digestive system, especially in the liver. Oral applications of phytogels have a protective effect, especially "Kvertulin". Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repo.odmu.edu.ua:443/xmlui/handle/123456789/9550 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z