Видання іноземною мовою. Кафедра акушерства та гінекології

Diagnostic significance of brachiocephalic and transcranial vessels duplex ultrasound investigation in women during menopause

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Diagnostic significance of brachiocephalic and transcranial vessels duplex ultrasound investigation in women during menopause Ancheva, I. A.; Zubarenko, K. O.; Movlyanova, N. V.; Gerasymenko, О. А.; Lazor, N. V.; Mokriienko, E. M.; Tiron, O. I.; Анчева, І. А.; Зубаренко, К. О.; Мовлянова, Н. В.; Герасименко, О. А.; Лазор, Н. В.; Мокрієнко, Е. М.; Тірон, О. І. Метою дослідження була оцінка ефективності ультразвукового дуплексного сканування магістральних судин голови та шиї у жінок у період менопаузи з аналізом клінічних проявів та анамнезу. У дослідження було включено 105 пацієнток віком 50–75 років, які не приймали пероральні естрогени та статини. Проводилися вимірювання діаметрів загальних та внутрішніх сонних, хребетних артерій, а також оцінка внутрішніх яремних вен. Реєстрація включала товщину комплексу інтима-медіа, виявлення атеросклеротичних бляшок. Оцінювалися швидкісні показники кровотоку екстракраніальних брахіоцефальних судин та у парних артеріях головного мозку. Результати свідчать, що у багатьох пацієнток спостерігаються вікові зміни судинної стінки, наявність бляшок різної ехогенності та локалізації, зниження швидкості кровотоку. Дослідження продемонструвало високу інформативність та точність виявлення структурних та гемодинамічних порушень. Отримані дані підтверджують, що регулярні ультразвукові спостереження дозволяють своєчасно виявити субклінічні судинні зміни, оцінювати їхню динаміку та вибирати індивідуальні стратегії профілактики та лікування серцево-судинних захворювань. Автори висловлюють, що ультразвуковий моніторинг дозволяє виявити аномалії судинної системи, діагностувати ехографічні ознаки атеросклеротичної ангіопатії та атеросклерозу брахіоцефальних артерій з визначенням ступеня стенозу та фіксацією швидкості кровотоку в досліджуваних судинах.; The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of ultrasound duplex scanning of the main vessels of the head and neck in women during menopause, with an analysis of clinical manifestations and anamnesis. The study included 105 patients aged 50–75 years who were not taking oral estrogens and statins. The diameters of the common and internal carotid, vertebral arteries were measured, as well as the assessment of the internal jugular veins. Registration included measuring the thickness of the intimamedia complex and detecting atherosclerotic plaques. The blood flow velocity indicators of extracranial brachiocephalic vessels and paired cerebral arteries were evaluated. The results show that many patients have age-related changes in the vascular wall, plaques of varying echogenicity and localization, and decreased blood flow velocity. The study demonstrated high informativeness and accuracy in detecting structural and hemodynamic disorders. The obtained data confirm that regular ultrasound observations enable timely detection of subclinical vascular changes, assessment of their dynamics, and selection of individual strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Authors resumed that ultrasound monitoring allows for the diagnosis of vascular system abnormalities, including echographic signs of both atherosclerotic angiopathy and atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries, with determination of the degree of stenosis and the fixation of the blood flow rate in the vessels.

Correlation analysis of GSTP1 gene polymorphism with morbidity of metastatic ovarian cancer

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Correlation analysis of GSTP1 gene polymorphism with morbidity of metastatic ovarian cancer Chetverikov, M. Ovarian canceris one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Susceptibility to malignant processes is mediated by genetically driven differences in the effectiveness of detoxification of potential carcinogens. One of the factors that may inf luence the risk of ovarian cancer is the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) gene family that encodes glutathione transferase enzymes. The GSTP1 gene is expressed both in normal and pathological conditions. Determining its specific alleles may be a marker of ovarian cancer. Thisimprovement, at least in part, may be related to more effective primary and adjuvant treatments, and the improvement of instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods, in particular molecular studies. The aim of the research–to study GSTP1 gene polymorphism, which is likely to be more common among patients with metastatic ovarian cancer compared with healthy population.

Perceptions of respectful maternity care in Ukraine during a time of war

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Perceptions of respectful maternity care in Ukraine during a time of war Artyomenko, V.; Fachon, K.; Cardoso, M.; Zhelezov, D.; Goodman, A.; Greenwald, M.; Velieva, Z.; Duzyj, Ch. Objectives: An increasing body of evidence has revealed disrespectful and abusive care in facility-based childbirth as a barrier to maternal and child health. Providers have noted subpar work environments, inadequate staffing, and negative attitudes toward marginalized groups as barriers to respectful care. What has not been studied is the impact of disaster and violence on the delivery of respectful maternity care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the state of obstetrical care in a maternity hospital in Odessa, Ukraine during a time of military invasion. Methods: We surveyed 202 maternity care providers who have worked at Odessa City Maternity Hospital № 5 for at least one year. Measurements and topics covered in the questionnaires included respectful care practices performed; types of disrespectful behaviors witnessed; the impact of war on the provision of respectful maternity care; post-traumatic stress; and attitudes about consent in obstetric care. Results: Fifty percent of respondents believed disrespect was an issue in the field of obstetrics. A slight majority (55.0 %) reported that the frequency of disrespect and abuse remained the same before and after the invasion, while 32.2 % reported a lower frequency and 9.4 % reported a higher frequency of disrespect. There was little change in reported performance of respectful maternity care before and after the full-scale invasion. Conclusions: Reported effects of war on respectful maternity care were minimal. However, the relatively low knowledge of disrespect and the large spread of frequency of reported respectful behavior indicate an opportunity for training.

Changes of protein expression of platinum resistance indicators under the influence of hyperthermia during the HIPEC procedure in recurrent ovarian cancer

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Changes of protein expression of platinum resistance indicators under the influence of hyperthermia during the HIPEC procedure in recurrent ovarian cancer Rozhkovska, N. M.; Chetverikov, S. H.; Chetverikov, M. S.; Chetverikova-Ovchynnyk, V. V.; Рожковська, Н. М.; Четверіков, С. Г.; Четверіков, М. С.; Четверікова-Овчинник, В. В. Ovarian cancer relapse and death are usually caused by acquired drug resistance. The mechanisms of platinum resistance are multifactorial. Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is a protein critical in removing platinum-induced DNA lesions. Microsatellite Instability (MSI) is present in a substantial proportion of ovarian cancers but knowledge about its clinical value is limited. Hyperthermia, one more promising treatment agent, delays the repair of DNA damage. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC), which has been actively studied in recent years as a possible addition to therapy for advanced stages of epithelial ovarian cancer. Material and methods. The study was retrospective, it included a total of 16 patients with stage IIIC epithelial ovarian cancer. For various reasons, these patients underwent suboptimal cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC + Second-look surgery with complete / optimal cytoreduction (6 patients) or relaparotomy with biopsy of residual disease due to surgical complications in 2–4 weeks interval. Immunohistochemical investigation of ERCC1 and MLH-1 expression were performed for the histological samples obtained from pre- and post HIPEC metastatic tumor tissue on the first and second surgical interventions. Conclusions. DNA repair pathways are one of the most important factors of platinum drug resistance formation. Hyperthermia during HIPEC procedure leads to decrease in the efficiency of DNA repair pathways by reducing the expression of ERCC1 and MMR proteins. These changes may determine the proven effectiveness of HIPEC procedure with cytoreduction after NACT (which may lead to secondary platinum drug resistance formation) by overcoming platinum resistance.; Рецидив раку яєчників і подальша смерть зазвичай спричинені набутою медикаментозною резистентністю. Механізми резистентності до платини багатофакторні. Шляхи репарації ДНК є одним із найважливіших факторів формування стійкості до препаратів платини. Гіпертермія під час процедури HIPEC призводить до зниження ефективності репарації ДНК шляхом зменшення експресії ERCC1 (з 57,56% клітин до 5% клітин – p < 0,05) та білків MLH-1 (з 9,11% клітин до 0% клітин – p < 0,05). Цей механізм подолання вторинної резистентності до препаратів платини обґрунтовує ефективність процедури HIPEC з циторедукцією після неоадʼювантної хіміотерапії.

Fluid intake schedule as a possible risk-stratification factor for urinary incontinence in women during menopause

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Fluid intake schedule as a possible risk-stratification factor for urinary incontinence in women during menopause Pavlovska, O.; Savelyeva, O.; Pavlovska, K. Introduction: One of the most common urogynecological diseases in women in menopause is urinary incontinence, which reduces the quality of life of patients, causing psycho-emotional discomfort, social maladjustment and hygienic inconvenience. Material and methods: 265 working women aged 47–65 years were examined and were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 145 women who suffered from urinary incontinence, the Group II (control group) consisted of 120 women who did not complain of urinary disorders or could note rare episodes of stress urinary incontinence. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations according to the requirements of modern clinical protocols. Results: The most probable trigger factors for urinary incontinence in the patients of Group I were carbohydrate metabolism disorders (84.14%), a history of complicated vaginal births (71.72%), a sedentary lifestyle (38.62%) and excess body weight (37.93%). In the overwhelming majority of the patients of Group I (88.28%) suffering from urinary incontinence, their daily volume of fluid intake did not meet the World Health Organization normative recommendations. According to the questionnaire, 59.31% of the patients of Group I consciously reduced fluid intake during the working day. Conclusions: An unbalanced fluid intake schedule plays an important role in urinary incontinence in women and can be considered as a risk-stratification factor for this pathology.

Complications and adverse outcomes related to induced abortion in female from the Ukrainian-Russian military conflict regions: A multicentre study

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Complications and adverse outcomes related to induced abortion in female from the Ukrainian-Russian military conflict regions: A multicentre study Salmanov, A. G.; Artyomenko, V. V.; Semenyuk, A. O.; Vdovychenko, S. Yu.; Korniyenko, S. M.; Strakhovetskyi, V. S.; Strakhovetska, Yu. V.; Gorbunova, O. V.; Doroganova, O. V.; Kovalyshyn, O. A.; Chubatyy, A. I.; Kokhanov, I. V.; Butska, V. Ye.; Tymchenko, A. G.; Paliga, I. Aim: To provide an overview of complications and adverse outcomes related to induced abortion in female from the Eastern and Southern Ukrainian-Russian military conflict regions. Material and Methods: This are a multicentre combined retrospective and prospective cohort study. All women who underwent induced abortion in Eastern and Southern Ukrainian-Russian military conflict regions between 2022 and 2024 are included in the study. Results: A total of 14,196 induced abortion were performed, 10,630 (74.9%) complications cases were observed. The most complication were infections (71.1%), cervical injury (6.6%), incomplete abortion (5.4%), hemorrhage (5.2%), and uterine perforation (4.9%). The most common infection related to induced abortions was endometritis (21.6%), cervicitis (17.8%), vaginal cuff infections (16.3%), peritonitis (12.3%) and pelvic abscess (10.7%), followed by adnexa utery (8.1%), parametritis (6.7%), salpingitis (5.1%), sepsis (1.3%) and other (0.2%) infections. The main risk factors was increased maternal age, surgical abortion approach, increased gestational age, prior cesarean delivery, presence of a bleeding disorder, fetal demise before the abortion, lack of healthcare facilities, lack of essential medication, lack of personnel and equipment, and surgical inexperience. Conclusions: This study findings demonstrate the high rate of complications related to induced abortion in the Ukrainian-Russian military conflict regions. The ongoing war has led to a decline in the quality of healthcare services and main reason for the high rate of complications and adverse outcomes related to induced abortion in female from the military conflict regions.

Abdominal wall endometriosis in Ukraine: A multicenter study

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Abdominal wall endometriosis in Ukraine: A multicenter study Salmanov, A. G.; Artyomenko, V. V.; Rud, V. O.; Strakhovetsky, V. S.; Korniyenko, S. M.; Gorbunova, O. V.; Vdovychenko, S. Yu.; Zabudskyi, O. V.; Kovalyshyn, O. A.; Lytvak, O. O.; Litus, V. I.; Struk, T. A.; Paliga, I.; Kononets, O. P.; Maidannyk, I. V.; Chorna, O. O. Aim: To estimate the incidence of abdominal walls endometriosis in Ukraine and review the clinical findings, imaging results, and histopathology of patients who have had cesarean scar endometriosis. Materials and Methods: We performed multicentre retrospective cohort study from January 2020 to December 2024. The study involved 27 hospitals from 10 regions of Ukraine and included 9,157 reproductive women who had a painful mass in their previous abdominal surgery scar area. Definitions of endometriosis were adapted from the WHO. Results: Among 9,157 patients, 387 (4.2%) abdominal walls endometriosis (AWE) were observed.Of all cases 82.2% women had cesarean scar endometriosis and 17.8% had scar endometriosis related to gynecologic surgical procedure. The incidence of AWE associated with history of cesarean section, gynecological abdominal hysterectomy and laparoscopic procedures was 6.3%, 2.3%, and 1.2%, respectively. The main symptoms of scar endometriosis were palpable abdominal mass (100%) and cyclic pain (86.8%). The latency period between cesarean section procedure and of cesarean scar endometriosis (CSE) symptom onset was 31.8±23.6 months. The duration between the onset of symptoms of CSE and this surgery was 28.7±25.4 months. The diagnosis of CSE was made through a histopathological examination. Conclusions: In Ukraine abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE), is a relatively uncommon entity that usually develops at the site of a surgical scar that occurs after obstetric or gynecologic surgeries. In our study the most frequently of all AWE cases was cesarean scar endometriosis.

The safety of pregnant women in traffic conditions: а cross-sectional analytical study

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

The safety of pregnant women in traffic conditions: а cross-sectional analytical study Manasova, G.; Stasii, Ya.; Zhovtenko, O. Injuries to pregnant women as road users affect one in twelve women and are a significant risk factor for non- obstetric maternal morbidity and mortality. Aim. To determine the status and directions on preventive work to ensure the safety on pregnant women participating on road traffic as drivers/passengers on cars on public transport.

Advancing sexual and reproductive health and rights in wartime Ukraine through international collaboration

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Advancing sexual and reproductive health and rights in wartime Ukraine through international collaboration Erlandsson, K.; Marichereda, V.; Borshch, V.; Mogilevkina, I.; Nitochko, K.; Klymanska, L.; Klos, L.; Haletska, I.; Klimanska, M.; Chaban, T.; Herasym, H.; Borneskog, C. Dalarna University (Sweden) and three Ukrainian universities in 2023 initiated a collaborative project to strengthen SRHR education in Ukraine through new curricula, an online platform, and peer-learning workshops. The objective of this commentary is to present the project’s approach, implementation, and outcomes, demonstrating how international academic collaboration can strengthen SRHR education and youth consultation services in the context of war and post-war reconstruction. Inspired by Sweden’s comprehensive sexuality education model, the project meets humanitarian needs while supporting reforms. Policy priorities include aligning with UNESCO guidance on sexuality education, integrating adolescent SRHR into healthcare financing, and expanding youth-friendly services.

Modern concepts of preeclampsia pathogenesis and screening approaches in pregnancy

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Modern concepts of preeclampsia pathogenesis and screening approaches in pregnancy Berlinska, L.; Pavlovska, O. Preeclampsia leads to severe obstetric complications and affects the subsequent development of target organ diseases (kidneys, liver, brain, and cardiovascular system). Currently, there is no guaranteed method to prevent preeclampsia; however, early and consistent monitoring of pregnant women and management of potential risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of complications. Therefore, early detection of pathogenic abnormalities and timely preventive and therapeutic interventions remain a priority task of the modern medical community.