Видання англійською мовою. Кафедра нормальної та патологічної клінічної анатомії

Analysis of the efficacy of a comprehensive use of a hepatoprotector and statin in the treatment of experimental hypercholesterolemia with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats (experimental study)

Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Analysis of the efficacy of a comprehensive use of a hepatoprotector and statin in the treatment of experimental hypercholesterolemia with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats (experimental study) Yakimenko, O.; Kholodkova, О.; Maznichenko, Ie. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pandemic disease spread in the whole world and is found among the population of different age groups. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressing condition of NAFLD often associated with fibrosis and can result in the development of cirrhosis or hepatocellular liver carcinoma. Hypercholesterolemia (HC) is one of the manifestations of NASH, and at the same time HC is one of the risk factors promoting the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular failures. Objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of a ccomprehensive hypolipidemic therapy including statin (Rosuvastatin) and hepatoprotector (Hepadif) in modeling HC with NASH in the experiment conducted on animals. On the 60th day of the experiment in the III group of experimental animals receiving a comprehensive hypolipidemic therapy with administration of Rosuvastatin and hepatoprotector Hepadif resulted in the following: the level of the whole cholesterol 54% decreased, low density lipoproteins (LDL) 73% decreased, high density lipoproteins (HDL) 42% increased. Activity of the hepatic transaminase was characterized by a marked tendency to decrease: ALT activity 57% decreased, AST activity – 71% as much (р<0,05), as compared to the control group. Pathomorphological examination of the liver tissue in the III group of experimental animals found less pronounced signs of steatohepatitis.

Cumulative cardiotoxic effect of bleomycin in experiment

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Cumulative cardiotoxic effect of bleomycin in experiment Gozhenko, A.; Bestanchuk, O.; Kaschenko, O.; Narbutova, T. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cumulative toxic effect of bleomycin under experimental conditions Material and Methods. The study was conducted in the Research Institute of Transport Medicine during 2016-2021. The experimental model of the cardiotoxic effect of the bleomycin was performed using the medication "Bleocin" manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. (Japan). According to the task, the study was performed on 10 mature rats of both sexes of the Wistar line with a body weight of 237 ± 20 g. Rats were housed in standard vivarium conditions of Odessa National Medical University. Animals were divided into 2 groups: experimental group (n = 5) and control (n = 5). Bleomycin animals of the experimental group were obtained intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.5 IU / kg on 1st and 8th days. Withdrawal of animals from the experiment was performed on the 5th, 14th and 28th day of the experiment, followed by morphological and morphometric examination. The material after weighing and morphometry was fixed with a neutral 10% formalin solution and poured into paraffin. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, MSB, Van Gizon. Performed light microscopy. After two weeks there was a decrease in myocardial weight by 7-10% from baseline, there were pronounced dystrophic changes in the myocardium. Repeated administration of bleomycin has a cumulative cardiotoxic effect leading to irreversible changes in the myocardium and endothelial dysfunction clinically manifested by heart attack, vascular pathology at significant cumulative doses of bleomycin. Morphofunctional changes of the right ventricle are prominent and considered to be pathognomic for bleomycin toxicity. Conclusions: 1. Bleomycin has a cumulative toxic effect on the myocardium of mammals 2. The severity of the cardiotoxic effect of bleomycin is proportional to the tissue concentration of the drug, which is proportional to the duration of exposure.

Cardiotoxic effect of bleomycin with a single administration in the experiment

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Cardiotoxic effect of bleomycin with a single administration in the experiment Bestanchuk, E.; Gozhenko, A.; Kashchenko, O.; Narbutova, T.; Berezovskyi, O.; Zаkharova, V. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a single injection of bleomycin on the heart Material and methods. The study was conducted in the Research Institute of Transport Medicine during 2016-2021. The experimental model of the cardiotoxic effect of the bleomycin was performed using the medication "Bleocin" manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. (Japan). According to the task, the study was performed on 10 mature rats of both sexes of the Wistar line with a body weight of 237 ± 20 g. Rats were housed in standard vivarium conditions of Odessa National Medical University. Animals were divided into 2 groups: experimental group (n = 5) and control (n = 5). Bleomycin animals of the experimental group were obtained intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.5 IU / kg once. Withdrawal of animals from the experiment was performed on the 5th day of the experiment, followed by morphological and morphometric examination. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed by methods of variance, correlation and regression analysis using Statistica 14.0 software (TIBCO, USA) Results. Single administration os bleomycin causes changes in macroscopic parameters (myocardial weight, visual changes) are minimal. The main changes at the microscopic level are represented by contractural degeneration with segmental and / or partial-lateral lysis, ie there is not total but partial myocardial damage. Conclusion. A single injection of bleomycin can cause inflammatory-dystrophic changes of the myocardium.

Clinical and morphological parallels in preterm birth

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Clinical and morphological parallels in preterm birth Sitnikova, V. O.; Nadvorna, O. M.; Rozhkovska, N. N.; Kashian, O. V. The aim of the study was to establish a link between the timing of preterm birth and clinical groups of women of different ages. There were demonstrated the differences in the incidence of preterm birth among women of different reproductive ages in our study were not found (p>0,05). The rate of cesarean delivery was higher (p>0,05) in women who gave birth from 22 to 27 weeks of gestation. The threatened abortions in the I and II trimesters were observed in women of all groups. In women of the I and II groups the phenomena of placental dysfunction in the form of infarcts and retroplacental hematomas on the background of various urogenital infections were revealed. Indicators of compensatory-adaptive response in the placenta are better developed in women who gave birth at 33-37 weeks. Developmental pathology and location of the umbilical cord occurred in women whose children were born in the terminals from 22 to 33 weeks of pregnancy. Mortality among children at 22-27 weeks was higher in parallel with a higher percentage of cesarean sections in the same group compared to the other two groups

Determination of safety profile of reparative activity of the new hygienic product “Apiprol”

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Determination of safety profile of reparative activity of the new hygienic product “Apiprol” Kravchenko, L.; Appelkhans, E.; Unhurian, L.; Shcherbakov, S.; Goncharenko, O.; Ivanova, Ya. The aim: To prove safety of the new elixir and determine the effect on regenerative processes under conditions of the experimental trauma. Materials and methods: The formula of the new dental elixir “Apiprol” includes biologically active components of bee products (propolis, comb capping wax), plant origin compounds. The elixir was single administered, intragastrally to white nonlinear mice weighing (22±2) g at doses at 50 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 5000 mg/kg. Acute toxicity of the new hygienic product “Apiprol” was investigated by a single application at the rate of 1000 and 5000 mg/kg animal weight. Subacute (chronic) toxicity was studied when elixir was applied to the skin of 10 mice at a single daily dose of 500 mg/kg for one month. A local irritant effect of the elixir on the oral mucosa was examined in 14 white rats daily after application for 3–5 min. The study of reparative activity was carried out on an experimental model of the wound process. Results: The elixir’s components promote tissues regeneration, rapid epithelialization and wound surfaces healing, having a highly immune stimulating activity and antibacterial properties. Conclusions: The performed study proved a complete safety of the new elixir “Apiprol” and indicated a necessity of the further development of this preparation in order to create a greater variety of dental means produced in Ukraine.

Seroprevalence of babesiosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Seroprevalence of babesiosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals Bondarenko, A. V.; Torianyk, I. I.; Pokhil S., I.; Katsapov, D. V.; Lytvynenko, M. V.; Lantukh, I. V.; Bocharova, T. V.; Gargin, V. V. Interest in Babesia species is gaining an increasing attention as an emerging tick-borne pathogen. Infection is primarily transmitted through Ixodes ticks, and alternatively by blood transfusions from asymptomatic donors. The aim of the study was detection of Babesia seroprevalence in different groups of population with the usage of experimental B. divergens whole-cell slide antigen and commercial B. microti immunofluorescence assay substrate slide. Materials and methods. Indirect immunofluorescence assay trial was performed by testing of 145 blood samples of different origins: healthy individuals (60 – blood donors), risk groups (30 – HIV-infected individuals, 30 – Lyme disease patients) and false-positive IFA controls (10 – seropositive rheumatoid arthritis patients, 15 – patients with toxoplasmosis). Results. The study revealed Babesia antibodies to B. divergens (6.9%) and B. microti (3.4%) that were detected with higher (p <0.05) frequency in HIV-infected individuals (26.7%) and in Lyme disease patients (16.7%) than at blood donors (1.7%). Diagnostically significant IgG titres were detected at 23.3% HIV-infected individuals, 13.3% Lyme disease patients and by 1.7% of blood donors and patients with seropositive latent toxoplasmosis. Specific IgM were detected at 20.0% HIV-infected individuals and 13.3% Lyme disease patients. 57.1% of diagnostically significant titres in HIV-infected and Lyme disease patients were represented by IgG and IgM. Conclusion. Immunofluorescence assay has a limited use in babesiosis: in acute form with negative microscopy or PCR; in chronic, asymptomatic and subclinical form with low level of parasitemia; and in retrospective and epidemiological studies of the population immune structure. Clinicians need to have increased awareness of babesiosis, and further studies are needed to clarify the optimal management of this infection in risk groups (including HIV-infected patients and blood donors).

Anaplasmosis: experimental immunodeficient state mod

Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Anaplasmosis: experimental immunodeficient state mod Bondarenko, A. V.; Pokhil, S. I.; Lytvynenko, M. V.; Bocharova, T. V.; Gargin, V. V. The recently described anaplasmosis infection is widespread but concerns to the insufficiently known group of diseases. The aim of our research is the development of uniform biological model for reproducing of artificial immunodeficient state by experimental anaplasmosis. Materials and methods: Algorithm of experimental anaplasmosis reproducing, consisted of such consecutive stages: 1) artificial forming of the immunodeficient state at nonlinear white mise (Mus musculus L.); 2) preparation of the tested biological material samples; 3) inoculation by prepared samples of the laboratory animals with the artificially formed immunodeficient state; 4) sampling from the dead or slaughtered (by the method of chloroformed anesthesia) experimental animals of sectional material (organs and targets tissues); 5) verification of aetiology by express detection of causative agents by the method of PCR in the selected samples of sectional material. Results: Biological model of experimental anaplasmosis have been created suitable for realization of both diagnostic and epidemiological, epizootic, ecobiological and other researches of different origin biological material samples, including samples of solid and liquid consistency material. Formed model realised in premature death of experimental animals in 17.4 % cases; resulted in an onset of disease clinical signs without death during the term of supervision in 43.8 % cases; coursed in the absence of the expressed symptoms of infection in 31.3 % cases. Conclusions: Developed biological model of experimental anaplasmosis consists in that as laboratory animals with the increased sensitiveness to the infection and accumulation of causative agent are used white nonlinear mice with the artificially formed immunodeficient state.

Morpho-functional changes in endometrium under the influence of chronic alcoholism

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Morpho-functional changes in endometrium under the influence of chronic alcoholism Lytvynenko, M.; Narbutova, T.; Vasylyev, V.; Bondarenko, A.; Gargin, V.; Литвиненко, М. В.; Нарбутова, Т. Е.; Васильев, В. В.; Бондаренко, А. В.; Гаргин, В. В. According to data that would have been obtained precisely as a result of studying the changes caused by alcohol abuse in the female body which can help solve many abnormal conditions developing in the female reproductive system, such as oligodysmenorrhea and amenorrhea, the purpose of this study was to identify changes in the endometrium that occur in chronic alcoholism. The study included sectional material, selected from women who, according to history data (interviews with relatives) and autopsy data (presence of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver), had confirmed alcohol abuse. Microscopic examination of endometrium was carried out followed by morphometric examination with determining: the average diameter of the endometrial glands, the minimum diameter of the endometrial glands, the maximum diameter of the endometrial glands, gland wall thickness, the relative volume of the epithelium, and the thickness of the epithelium for the proliferative or secretory type of the endometrium. Based on the study, it can be assumed that alcohol abuse has a significantly significant effect on the female reproductive system as a whole, in particular, on the morpho-functional state of the endometrium, which is manifested by its statistically reliable thinning, hypoplasia of the glands, which was determined both in proliferative and in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. Results of the morphometric study have to be interpreted as tendency to atrophy in endometrium with decreased by 13.7% the average diameter of the endometrial glands (from 51.71±2.90 x10-6 m to 44.65±2.48 x10-6 m), reduced diameter of the endometrial glands from 72.14±2.21 x10-6m to 64.13±3.90 x10-6m, abridged the relative volume of the epithelium. The study shows the importance of an individual approach in working with this cohort of patients, which may consist in proper history taking (to confirm alcohol abuse), detection of pathomorphological changes in the endometrium, which is important for the correct diagnosis and selection of the most effective treatment.; Целью исследования явилось определение изменений эндометрия, возникающих при хроническом алкоголизме. Исследование проведено на секционном материале, полученном от женщин, злоупотребляющих алкоголем, что установлено по данным анамнеза (беседа с родственниками) и результатам вскрытия (наличие алкогольного цирроза печени). Проведено микроскопическое исследование эндометрия с последующим морфометрическим исследованием с определением показателей: средний диаметр, минимальный диаметр и максимальный диаметр эндометриальных желез, толщина стенки железы, относительный объем эпителия и толщина эпителия для пролиферативного или секреторного типа эндометрия.

The features of endometrium structure in alcohol-abused HIV-infected individuals

Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT

The features of endometrium structure in alcohol-abused HIV-infected individuals Lytvynenko, M. Patients with comorbid pathology occupy leading positions in the practice of a doctor of any specialty especially in patients with HIV. Reproductive system is known to be the gateway for viruses. This fact could explain the severity of changes developing in the female reproductive system infected with HIV, in particular in the endometrium. The purpose of this study was to assess morphological changes in the endometrium caused by the combined effects of HIV infection and chronic alcoholism. Materials and methods: The study included sectional material taken from 60 women of reproductive age (20-40 years). They were all divided into two groups. The first group (30 people) consisted of HIV-positive individuals who, according to a survey of relatives and according to an autopsy (the main symptom is the presence of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver), alcohol abuse was confirmed. The following parameters were determined: the average diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type), the minimum diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type), the maximum diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type), wall thickness (proliferative type), the relative volume of the epithelium (proliferative type), the average diameter of the glands (secretory type), the minimum diameter of the glands (secretory type), the maximum diameter of the glands (secretory type), the relative volume of the epithelium (secretory type), the thickness of the epithelium. Results. the average diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type) decreased from 51.71 ± 2.90 x 10-6 m in the comparison group to 39.42 ± 2.35 x 10-6 m in the HIV-infected group, which was 23.77%. The minimum diameter of the endometrial glands (proliferative type) reduced from 32.47 ± 1.83 x10-6 m to 27.13 ± 1.73x10-6 m (16.45%), the maximum diameter from 72.14 ± 2.21 x10-6 m to 63.84 ± 3.29 x10-6 m (11.5%). the relative volume of the epithelium (proliferative type) decreased by 5.41% (from 54.43 ± 1.79% in the study group to 49.02 ± 2.65% in the control group). The thickness of the uterine wall was also significantly reduced from 15.18 ± 1.60 x10-6 m to 14.52 ± 1.19 x10-6 m, which was 4.35%. The maximum volume of glands (secretory type) changed from 127.98 ± 2.10 x10-6 m to 97.18 ± 3.12 x10-6 m (24%). Changes by 3.6% were also observed when examining the wall thickness (from 13.02 ± 1.36 x10-6 m to 12.55 ± 1.68 x10-6 m).

Peculiarities of structural changes in the liver, myocardium and kidneys of rats at different age under conditions of craniocerebral injury

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Peculiarities of structural changes in the liver, myocardium and kidneys of rats at different age under conditions of craniocerebral injury Kholodkova, O.; Prus, R.; Sadovska, Y.; Horiuk, I.; Ternovyi, D. Abstract Morphological changes in the liver, kidneys and myocardium of mature and immature rats were studied 1 hour after mild craniocerebral injury. Clear changes in the type of microcirculatory disorders were found in all the examined organs of mature rats associated with stasis, infiltration, and dilated vessels. In immature rats morphological changes were more expressed and of mainly ischemic and necrotic nature.